Sejarah Perkembangan Ransum Makanan Militer dari Abad ke-19 Hingga Abad ke-20

Abstract

This article examines the evolution of military rations from the 19th to the 20th century. The changes in the form and composition of rations are described beginning with simple provisions such as MREs (Meals, Ready-to-Eat), which are hygienically packaged and nutritionally enhanced. The driving factors behind these changes include technological advancements (the invention of canning, freeze-drying, flexible packaging, flameless ration heaters) as well as developments in military logistics and doctrine (the need for expeditionary support, high mobility, and preparation for global warfare). The impact of ration evolution on strategy is reflected in improved combat readiness and operational flexibility. Lighter, calorie-dense rations enable troops to move farther and endure longer with simpler logistical support. Conversely, inadequate rations can hinder operations (for example, mass curvy caused by nutritional deficiencies during the Crimean War). This study is based on various historical and military sources to provide a comprehensive understanding of the evolution of military rations and their implications.